difference between cross and crucifix?

A cross is simply the bare structural shape, typically formed by an intersecting upright and crossbeam. A crucifix specifically includes a representation of the corpus, or body, attached to the structure. You will find both forms heavily represented in the antique trade.

standard chain length for wearing?

Pectoral crosses were historically worn on very long chains, often reaching down to the centre of the chest. Domestic wearers usually fitted them to shorter chains or ribbons depending on the neckline of current fashion.

I inherited a large standing metal cross from a family member and the silver surface is black with tarnish, should I scrub it clean?

Heavy tarnish on a silver-plated piece often hides areas where the plating has worn through to the base metal beneath. Aggressive polishing will strip away the remaining silver. Use a soft cloth and a gentle silver foam if you decide to clean it. Leave the darker tarnish in the recessed areas to help the cast details stand out.

When I pick up this thick wooden cross and tilt it from side to side, it sounds like there is something loose rattling around inside the back, is that standard?

Many thicker antique crosses were constructed with hollow sections at the back. These cavities often held small relics, prayers on folded paper, or tokens from a pilgrimage. The backing plates sealing these compartments frequently dry out and shrink over the decades. It isn't uncommon for the contents to become loose and rattle against the wood when you handle the piece.

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Antique Crosses from the 19th Century

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An antique cross served as both a personal statement of faith and a focal point for devotion, usually worn as an amulet or mounted for display in homes and places of worship.