What's the difference between a surround and a fender?

A surround, also called a chimneypiece, is the mantel and jambs framing the fireplace opening. It's fixed architecture, made in timber, marble, cast iron, slate or stone. A fender is the low metal kerb standing on the hearth in front of it, holding coals and ash back from the room. Both are listed under this heading, and "surround" runs through titles on either side.

Which materials turn up most often?

On the fender side, brass leads by a wide margin, with steel behind it, and copper and iron also present. Surrounds are led by timber, with pine and oak the two commonest, then mahogany. Cast iron and marble follow, and slate and stone appear in smaller numbers.

How old are these pieces?

The dated field runs from 1750 to 1940. The earliest entries include a George II steel fender and a carved Georgian pine surround, both put at 1750, and the latest is a country-house club fender at 1940. Only a third of listings carry a clean year. "19th Century" is the commonest date given, and Victorian is the single most frequent date word in titles.

Are club fenders common on the market?

They're a live-market speciality. Club fenders are named in around a fifth of current stock on Sellingantiques, and hardly appear in the sold record at all. Sampled examples run in brass, steel, wrought iron and oak, with leather or upholstered seats. A pair of steel and oak club fenders is among the few multiples anywhere in the archive.

Do listings give sizes?

Only occasionally, and loosely. Widths turn up as "4FT3", "4FT6", "145cm Wide" or "196cm Length", and the longest figure stated anywhere is a bronze fender at 196cm. Opening and rebate sizes aren't recorded in the evidence, so most listings describe the piece without them.

Is everything in this category full size?

No. Alongside working surrounds and fenders, the archive holds miniature and model fire surrounds in cast iron and in Welsh slate. Single architectural fragments also appear, including a carved marble tablet and a plaster cast study of a surround element.

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Antique Surrounds

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Under this heading sit two related things: the chimneypiece that frames a fireplace opening, and the fender that stands on the hearth to hold coals and ash back from the room.