How do you clean them safely?

Vacuum both sides on a low suction setting. Never use a modern upright with a spinning beater brush. Take it to a specialist carpet washer for any serious dirt.

My grandmother left me a rug and the red colour seems to have bled into the white fringes at the top edge. Can that be fixed?

Colour run happens when unstable dyes get wet. Someone probably washed it badly in the past or spilled water on it. Specialists can sometimes strip the stray dye out of the cotton fringes using targeted mild chemicals. Leaving it alone is often the safer choice for village weaving.

Are they all the same size?

Dimensions vary depending on the weaving region. Most are sized to provide just enough room for one person to kneel comfortably.

I notice the pattern on one side of the arch does not exactly match the other side. Does that mean it was made by a beginner?

Village weavers worked from memory rather than graphed paper patterns. Small shifts in the design happen naturally as the rug grows on the loom. These variations give rural pieces their character. A machine-made copy looks stiff because it lacks these slight shifts in rhythm.