How do I tell an 18th century clock from a 19th century one?

Eighteenth-century examples rely more frequently on brass dials and solid oak construction, reflecting simpler country workshop traditions. Nineteenth-century pieces often introduce painted iron dials, mahogany veneers, and arch configurations with rolling moon mechanisms.

Did all these clocks come from Wales?

The recorded makers and regional styles tie these longcase clocks directly to Welsh towns such as Llanrwst, Ruthin, and Pwllheli. Local cabinet-makers and clockmakers built these pieces to serve domestic Welsh households using regional timbers.

What woods were used for the cases?

Oak appears as the primary material in earlier and regional country pieces, offering durability and local availability. Mahogany and burr oak veneer gained preference in later Georgian and nineteenth-century examples for a more refined finish.