What is the difference between ormolu and gilt brass?

Ormolu denotes mercury-gilded bronze, a technique standard in high-end French and English production before nineteenth-century safety regulations banned the practice. The process bonds gold securely to the bronze substrate. Gilt brass generally appears on later or more utilitarian items, utilising electroplating or applied gold leaf over a yellow copper alloy. This alternative lacks the deep lustre and heavy weight of traditional ormolu.

How can I tell an 18th century piece from a 19th century revival?

Eighteenth-century examples display hand-finished chasing that reflects individual artisanal tooling and natural wear patterns. Component parts often fit together with hand-cut threaded screws. Nineteenth-century revival pieces frequently utilise standardised machine threading and heavier, mass-produced casting techniques. Stylistic motifs also offer clues, as revival items often blend elements from multiple historical reigns.

Were these holders used for dining tables?

Many multi-arm candelabra and tall candlesticks served as principal table centerpieces during formal evening meals. Their height allowed guests to converse underneath the candle flames. Smaller pairs functioned on sideboards, desks, or mantelpieces to provide localized task lighting. Wall sconces remained fixed to panelled rooms for permanent ambient illumination.