Spelter is a zinc-based alloy used by nineteenth-century manufacturers as an affordable alternative to bronze. Cast figures in spelter are typically lighter than bronze and carry applied surface finishes.

Where were these sculptures made?

Production centred primarily in France, Italy, and Belgium during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Foundries in Paris and Vienna drove much of the commercial output.

How do I identify the subject?

Many sculptures represent named literary figures, classical deities, or seasonal allegories inscribed directly onto the metal or stone base. Signatures and foundry marks stamped on the reverse provide further clues to the original title.