How do I hang a heavy wood panel?

Heavy wooden panels require secure wall fixings suited to the weight of the timber and gesso. Metal brackets or concealed French cleats distribute the load safely across studwork. Avoid hanging panels in rooms with fluctuating humidity to protect the ancient wood from warping or splitting.

Are these panels from churches?

Many examples originated inside European churches, abbeys or domestic chapels as parts of larger altarpieces, screens or private devotional shrines. Others were created specifically for home prayer and contemplation. Workshop production methods often bridge the gap between ecclesiastical commissions and domestic folk art.

How do I clean an old painted panel?

Dust surfaces gently with a soft, dry brush without applying moisture, pressure or cleaning solutions. Delicate tempera, oil paint and gold leaf flake easily if disturbed. Professional conservators should handle any deep cleaning or stabilization of flaking gesso and pigment.

What wood types are most common?

Oak appears frequently in Northern European, Flemish and German carvings due to its durability and strength. Pine, fruitwood and chestnut also feature in Italian, Russian and folk art panels. Substrates often reflect the native timber available to the carver in a specific region and century.