How do I date an 18th-century glass?

Dating relies on the combination of bowl shape, stem construction, and foot form. Early pieces often feature heavy baluster stems or folded feet. Tool marks on the pontil scar underneath also offer clues regarding the manufacturing era and workshop practices.

Lead glass contains a significant proportion of lead oxide, which increases the weight, refractive index, and clarity of the material. This composition allowed glassmakers to produce heavier vessels that took deep wheel engraving exceptionally well.

How were these glasses used?

These vessels served everyday and ceremonial dining functions, ranging from intimate drams of whisky to communal toasts involving armorial goblets. Specific forms catered to distinct drinks, such as narrow ale glasses, capacious wine bowls, and large decanters for Madeira.