What is the difference between cameo and etched glass?

Cameo glass involves physical carving or chemical etching through distinct layers of coloured glass to leave a raised, opaque motif against a contrasting background. It requires multiple layers blown together before decoration begins. Standard etched glass relies on acid or mechanical engraving to bite directly into a single surface, creating a frosted or sunken design rather than a raised multi-coloured relief.

How do I identify Art Nouveau styles in these vessels?

Art Nouveau pieces, common around the turn of the twentieth century, feature flowing asymmetrical lines and naturalistic subjects. Look for motifs depicting landscapes, flowers, aquatic plants, and insect life. Maker signatures on these items are typically incorporated directly into the cameo design as an integrated part of the surface artwork rather than a stamped mark.

Where were most of these antique glass pieces made?

The pieces originate primarily from renowned European centres of glass production, with French ateliers leading the Art Nouveau cameo movement and Bohemian workshops dominating later geometric styles. English glasshouses specialised earlier in domestic forms such as rummers, decanters, and wine glasses utilising traditional wheel engraving.