How do I date an old portrait?

Dating relies on costume, hair fashion, and the physical characteristics of the canvas and stretcher. Sitters often wear clothing specific to a particular decade. Secondary clues include stretcher construction, nails, and nineteenth-century lining techniques. Signatures or inscriptions on the reverse occasionally confirm the date and identity.

What is the difference between an oil and a watercolour?

Oils use pigment suspended in drying oil on canvas or panel, allowing deep layering and rich colours. Watercolours use water-soluble pigments on paper, creating a lighter and more translucent finish. Watercolours are typically smaller, framed under glass, and require protection from direct sunlight. Oils are more robust and traditionally served for formal, large-scale commissions.

How should I hang and light a canvas?

Hang paintings away from direct sunlight, heating vents, and damp walls to protect the canvas and paint layers. Stable indoor humidity prevents wood panels and stretchers from warping. Use picture lights with LED bulbs that emit minimal heat and UV radiation. Ensure the wall fixings match the weight of the frame and canvas.

What does attribution to a school mean?

An attribution like Bavarian School indicates the work originated in a specific region and shares the stylistic traits of local artists. It is used when the exact hand remains unknown. Such works reflect regional training methods and popular local portrait conventions. They offer insight into the artistic production of a particular area.